{
  "schemaVersion": 1,
  "id": "vt-simple-trainer",
  "name": "Simple Trainer",
  "description": "Vortex RC 1.4 m foamboard trainer. Rudder, elevator and throttle; polyhedral wings bank through sideslip. Use Q/E to turn on keyboard, or map your preferred stick to yaw. Photo-reconstructed, not flight calibrated.",
  "provenance": {
    "publishedDimensions": {
      "status": "sourced",
      "note": "Vortex RC lists 1400 mm span, 800 mm length, 500 g AUW and 350 g without battery. Metric dimensions are used; the rounded inch equivalents differ slightly. Product shipping weight is not aircraft mass.",
      "url": "https://www.vortex-rc.com/product/vt-simple-trainer/"
    },
    "equipmentSelection": {
      "status": "sourced",
      "note": "Selected the optional DYS CF2822 1200 KV / 30 A ESC / two TowerPro 9 g servos / 9x4.7 prop configuration. The page also lists alternative motors and packs; these are not simultaneous installations.",
      "url": "https://www.vortex-rc.com/product/vt-simple-trainer/"
    },
    "motorMass": {
      "status": "sourced",
      "note": "DYS CF2822-14 1200 KV motor mass 50 g per Vortex RC. Motor dimensions and shaft installation are estimates.",
      "url": "https://www.vortex-rc.com/product/dys-cf2822-14-1200kv-brushless-outrunner-motor/"
    },
    "assembledGeometry": {
      "status": "estimated",
      "note": "Independent reconstruction from assembled photographs and laser-cut sheet photos. 200 mm root chord, 395 mm inner half-panels, 12 degree outer polyhedral, rounded tips, 360 mm stabilizer, 130 mm fin, box-fuselage sections, incidence and wheel positions are proportional estimates, not dimensioned plans. Foamboard thickness assumed 5 mm. Outer wingtip cavity and folds are simplified.",
      "url": "https://www.vortex-rc.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/trainer-left-wing.jpg"
    },
    "tailOutline": {
      "status": "estimated",
      "note": "Rounded swept stabilizer with elevator clearance notch and swept rounded fin traced as an independent polygon parameterization from sheet photographs. Tail areas are calculated from these estimated outlines.",
      "url": "https://www.vortex-rc.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/trainer-fuse.jpg"
    },
    "massLedger": {
      "status": "estimated",
      "note": "Dry component ledger totals the published 350 g, including two-wheel wire gear, a tail skid allowance, two 9 g servos and a 50 g motor. Remaining masses, component locations and box inertia estimates are allocated, not weighed. A 150 g installed battery allocation closes the published 500 g AUW; this is not a measured branded 1300 mAh pack.",
      "url": "https://www.vortex-rc.com/product/vt-simple-trainer/"
    },
    "balance": {
      "status": "estimated",
      "note": "The product says CG 58 mm from the nose, an ambiguous station inconsistent with a plausible wing balance in these photos. This model assumes 58 mm aft of the center-wing leading edge (29% of the estimated 200 mm chord). Confirm the physical kit CG marks before treating this as build guidance. Battery placement solves that provisional balance; no claim of a verified manufacturer CG.",
      "url": "https://www.vortex-rc.com/product/vt-simple-trainer/"
    },
    "aerodynamics": {
      "status": "estimated",
      "note": "Independent quasi-steady estimates: wing lift slope 2*pi/(1+2*pi/(pi*0.82*AR)), zero-lift -2.5 degrees, stall 14 degrees, CD0 0.028 and CM -0.045. Tail slopes use the same finite-span estimate with e=0.78. No measured polar, downwash, dynamic-stall or flight calibration. Four wing elements resolve the polyhedral sideslip loads; no artificial self-leveling.",
      "url": "https://www.vortex-rc.com/product/vt-simple-trainer/"
    },
    "actuation": {
      "status": "estimated",
      "note": "Two 9 g positional servos only, with provisional 0.12 s/60 degree no-load speed, 150 degree travel, 10/15 mm horn ratio and 20 degree elevator / 25 degree rudder limits. Rates are adjustable. Rudder is assigned to yaw, with no aileron or hidden roll-to-rudder mix; assign yaw to your preferred stick in Controllers.",
      "url": "https://www.vortex-rc.com/product/vt-simple-trainer/"
    },
    "powertrain": {
      "status": "estimated",
      "note": "3S 1300 mAh LiPo with 0.065 ohm resistance and estimated OCV. DYS CF2822 / 9x4.7 static endpoint 6.2 N at 13.5 A and 11.1 V, quadratic command curve and 20 m/s zero-thrust speed are estimates, not measurements. Current curve, efficiency, endurance and actual ESC/BEC limits need bench data. Prop reaction torque is not identified for this preset; P-factor and gyroscopic effects are also omitted.",
      "url": "https://www.vortex-rc.com/product/vt-simple-trainer/"
    },
    "operatingPoint": {
      "status": "estimated",
      "note": "Default cruise/airborne trim 9 m/s (about 1.8 times the analytical stall-speed estimate), hand release 8.5 m/s. Operating defaults, not measured flight speeds. Faster 12 m/s trim is available in headless tests but is a poor power-off glide trim for this low-wing-loading build."
    }
  },
  "parts": [
    {
      "id": "fuselage",
      "kind": "body",
      "massKg": 0.065,
      "positionM": [-0.09, 0, 0],
      "sizeM": [0.745, 0.048, 0.055],
      "color": "#eeede5",
      "material": {
        "name": "Vortex RC Fliteboard Pro (5 mm assumed)",
        "finish": "foam"
      },
      "manufacturer": "Vortex RC",
      "model": "Folded foamboard fuselage",
      "bodyLoft": [
        {
          "x": -0.6308724832214766,
          "width": 0.25,
          "top": -0.14545454545454545,
          "bottom": 0.03636363636363636
        },
        {
          "x": -0.5369127516778524,
          "width": 0.2916666666666667,
          "top": -0.2181818181818182,
          "bottom": 0.1090909090909091
        },
        {
          "x": -0.01342281879194632,
          "width": 1.0,
          "top": -0.6,
          "bottom": 0.4545454545454546
        },
        {
          "x": 0.3087248322147651,
          "width": 1.0,
          "top": -0.6,
          "bottom": 0.4545454545454546
        },
        {
          "x": 0.3691275167785235,
          "width": 1.0,
          "top": -0.5090909090909091,
          "bottom": 0.4545454545454546
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "left-inner-wing",
      "kind": "wing",
      "massKg": 0.0345,
      "positionM": [0, -0.1975, -0.041],
      "sizeM": [0.2, 0.395, 0.024],
      "color": "#eeede5",
      "orientationDeg": [0, 2, 0],
      "material": {
        "name": "Vortex RC Fliteboard Pro (5 mm assumed)",
        "finish": "foam"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "left-outer-wing",
      "kind": "wing",
      "massKg": 0.0215,
      "positionM": [0, -0.5475, -0.07341487565467839],
      "sizeM": [0.2, 0.31181388143383393, 0.024],
      "color": "#eeede5",
      "orientationDeg": [12, 2, 0],
      "material": {
        "name": "Vortex RC Fliteboard Pro (5 mm assumed)",
        "finish": "foam"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "right-inner-wing",
      "kind": "wing",
      "massKg": 0.0345,
      "positionM": [0, 0.1975, -0.041],
      "sizeM": [0.2, 0.395, 0.024],
      "color": "#eeede5",
      "orientationDeg": [0, 2, 0],
      "material": {
        "name": "Vortex RC Fliteboard Pro (5 mm assumed)",
        "finish": "foam"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "right-outer-wing",
      "kind": "wing",
      "massKg": 0.0215,
      "positionM": [0, 0.5475, -0.07341487565467839],
      "sizeM": [0.2, 0.31181388143383393, 0.024],
      "color": "#eeede5",
      "orientationDeg": [-12, 2, 0],
      "material": {
        "name": "Vortex RC Fliteboard Pro (5 mm assumed)",
        "finish": "foam"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "stabilizer",
      "kind": "tail",
      "massKg": 0.011,
      "positionM": [-0.495, 0, -0.01],
      "sizeM": [0.12, 0.36, 0.005],
      "color": "#eeede5",
      "material": {
        "name": "Vortex RC Fliteboard Pro (5 mm assumed)",
        "finish": "foam"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "fin",
      "kind": "tail",
      "massKg": 0.008,
      "positionM": [-0.486, 0, -0.075],
      "sizeM": [0.16, 0.005, 0.13],
      "color": "#eeede5",
      "material": {
        "name": "Vortex RC Fliteboard Pro (5 mm assumed)",
        "finish": "foam"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "motor",
      "kind": "motor",
      "massKg": 0.05,
      "positionM": [0.207, 0, 0],
      "sizeM": [0.033, 0.0287, 0.0287],
      "color": "#c64222",
      "manufacturer": "DYS",
      "model": "CF2822-14 1200 KV"
    },
    {
      "id": "propeller",
      "kind": "equipment",
      "massKg": 0.009,
      "positionM": [0.225, 0, 0],
      "sizeM": [0.012, 0.2286, 0.022],
      "color": "#e66e20",
      "model": "9 \u00d7 4.7 slow-fly prop + saver (mass estimated)",
      "material": {
        "name": "Molded propeller",
        "finish": "plastic"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "esc",
      "kind": "equipment",
      "massKg": 0.025,
      "positionM": [0.13, 0, 0.008],
      "sizeM": [0.04, 0.024, 0.01],
      "color": "#292d31",
      "model": "30 A ESC + BEC (mass estimated)"
    },
    {
      "id": "servo-elevator",
      "kind": "equipment",
      "massKg": 0.009,
      "positionM": [0.01, -0.013, -0.012],
      "sizeM": [0.023, 0.012, 0.024],
      "color": "#30486d",
      "manufacturer": "TowerPro",
      "model": "9 g positional servo (speed/linkage estimated)",
      "servo": {
        "speedSecondsPer60Deg": 0.12,
        "travelDeg": 150,
        "ratedVoltage": 4.8
      },
      "material": {
        "name": "Plastic servo housing",
        "finish": "plastic"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "servo-rudder",
      "kind": "equipment",
      "massKg": 0.009,
      "positionM": [0.01, 0.013, -0.012],
      "sizeM": [0.023, 0.012, 0.024],
      "color": "#30486d",
      "manufacturer": "TowerPro",
      "model": "9 g positional servo (speed/linkage estimated)",
      "servo": {
        "speedSecondsPer60Deg": 0.12,
        "travelDeg": 150,
        "ratedVoltage": 4.8
      },
      "material": {
        "name": "Plastic servo housing",
        "finish": "plastic"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "receiver",
      "kind": "equipment",
      "massKg": 0.008,
      "positionM": [-0.025, 0, 0.012],
      "sizeM": [0.027, 0.018, 0.009],
      "color": "#292d31",
      "model": "Receiver (mass estimated)"
    },
    {
      "id": "pushrods",
      "kind": "equipment",
      "massKg": 0.008,
      "positionM": [-0.25, 0, -0.013],
      "sizeM": [0.52, 0.035, 0.006],
      "color": "#eeede5",
      "model": "Two steel pushrods, guides and horns (allocated)"
    },
    {
      "id": "landing-gear",
      "kind": "equipment",
      "massKg": 0.02,
      "positionM": [0.065, 0, 0.077],
      "sizeM": [0.06, 0.27, 0.13],
      "color": "#ccd0c9",
      "model": "Wire gear, two foam wheels and tail skid allowance"
    },
    {
      "id": "wing-retention",
      "kind": "equipment",
      "massKg": 0.003,
      "positionM": [0, 0, -0.045],
      "sizeM": [0.225, 0.058, 0.03],
      "color": "#eeede5",
      "model": "Bamboo dowels and rubber bands"
    },
    {
      "id": "firewall",
      "kind": "equipment",
      "massKg": 0.007,
      "positionM": [0.185, 0, -0.002],
      "sizeM": [0.004, 0.048, 0.055],
      "color": "#c2a776",
      "model": "Aeroply firewall + motor mount"
    },
    {
      "id": "wiring-hardware",
      "kind": "equipment",
      "massKg": 0.006,
      "positionM": [0.015, 0, 0.01],
      "sizeM": [0.08, 0.04, 0.02],
      "color": "#eeede5",
      "model": "Wiring, connectors, tape and glue allowance"
    },
    {
      "id": "battery",
      "kind": "battery",
      "massKg": 0.15,
      "positionM": [0.13262000000000002, 0, 0.006],
      "sizeM": [0.075, 0.032, 0.026],
      "color": "#b79d4f",
      "model": "3S 1300 mAh installed mass allocation (estimated)",
      "material": {
        "name": "LiPo pouch pack, leads and retention",
        "finish": "plastic"
      }
    }
  ],
  "surfaces": [
    {
      "id": "left-inner-wing",
      "kind": "wing",
      "positionM": [0.05, -0.1975, -0.033],
      "spanM": 0.395,
      "chordM": 0.2,
      "aspectRatio": 6.959936779670636,
      "rollDeg": 0,
      "incidenceDeg": 2,
      "liftSlope": 4.652702753247248,
      "zeroLiftDeg": -2.5,
      "stallDeg": 14,
      "cd0": 0.028,
      "efficiency": 0.82,
      "cm": -0.045,
      "foamWing": {
        "rootChordM": 0.2,
        "boardThicknessM": 0.005,
        "foldHeightM": 0.021,
        "hingeFraction": 0.78,
        "controlSpan": [0, 1],
        "tipStations": [
          [0, 0, 1],
          [1, 0, 1]
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "left-outer-wing",
      "kind": "wing",
      "positionM": [0.050446500000000005, -0.5475, -0.06541487565467838],
      "spanM": 0.31181388143383393,
      "chordM": 0.198214,
      "aspectRatio": 6.959936779670636,
      "rollDeg": 12,
      "incidenceDeg": 2,
      "liftSlope": 4.652702753247248,
      "zeroLiftDeg": -2.5,
      "stallDeg": 14,
      "cd0": 0.028,
      "efficiency": 0.82,
      "cm": -0.045,
      "foamWing": {
        "rootChordM": 0.2,
        "boardThicknessM": 0.005,
        "foldHeightM": 0.021,
        "hingeFraction": 0.78,
        "controlSpan": [0, 1],
        "tipStations": [
          [0, 0, 1],
          [0.8, 0, 1],
          [0.9, 0.008, 0.992],
          [0.96, 0.035, 0.965],
          [0.99, 0.075, 0.925],
          [1, 0.15, 0.85]
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "right-inner-wing",
      "kind": "wing",
      "positionM": [0.05, 0.1975, -0.033],
      "spanM": 0.395,
      "chordM": 0.2,
      "aspectRatio": 6.959936779670636,
      "rollDeg": 0,
      "incidenceDeg": 2,
      "liftSlope": 4.652702753247248,
      "zeroLiftDeg": -2.5,
      "stallDeg": 14,
      "cd0": 0.028,
      "efficiency": 0.82,
      "cm": -0.045,
      "foamWing": {
        "rootChordM": 0.2,
        "boardThicknessM": 0.005,
        "foldHeightM": 0.021,
        "hingeFraction": 0.78,
        "controlSpan": [0, 1],
        "tipStations": [
          [0, 0, 1],
          [1, 0, 1]
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "right-outer-wing",
      "kind": "wing",
      "positionM": [0.050446500000000005, 0.5475, -0.06541487565467838],
      "spanM": 0.31181388143383393,
      "chordM": 0.198214,
      "aspectRatio": 6.959936779670636,
      "rollDeg": -12,
      "incidenceDeg": 2,
      "liftSlope": 4.652702753247248,
      "zeroLiftDeg": -2.5,
      "stallDeg": 14,
      "cd0": 0.028,
      "efficiency": 0.82,
      "cm": -0.045,
      "foamWing": {
        "rootChordM": 0.2,
        "boardThicknessM": 0.005,
        "foldHeightM": 0.021,
        "hingeFraction": 0.78,
        "controlSpan": [0, 1],
        "tipStations": [
          [0, 0, 1],
          [0.8, 0, 1],
          [0.9, 0.008, 0.992],
          [0.96, 0.035, 0.965],
          [0.99, 0.075, 0.925],
          [1, 0.15, 0.85]
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "elevator",
      "kind": "horizontal-tail",
      "positionM": [-0.475, 0, -0.01],
      "spanM": 0.36,
      "chordM": 0.08103333333333337,
      "aspectRatio": 4.442616207322088,
      "rollDeg": 0,
      "incidenceDeg": 0,
      "liftSlope": 3.9838591771549625,
      "zeroLiftDeg": 0,
      "stallDeg": 16,
      "cd0": 0.025,
      "efficiency": 0.78,
      "cm": 0,
      "panel": {
        "outline": [
          [0.6170300287947342, 0.0],
          [0.3578774167009456, -0.22222222222222224],
          [0.1110654051830516, -0.3805555555555556],
          [-0.11106540518305229, -0.4638888888888889],
          [-0.30851501439736745, -0.5],
          [-0.44426162073220915, -0.49444444444444446],
          [-0.5923488276429455, -0.4555555555555556],
          [-0.7527766351295766, -0.3333333333333333],
          [-0.8638420403126289, -0.07222222222222222],
          [-0.5800082270670508, -0.03888888888888889],
          [-0.5800082270670508, 0.03888888888888889],
          [-0.8638420403126289, 0.07222222222222222],
          [-0.7527766351295766, 0.3333333333333333],
          [-0.5923488276429455, 0.4555555555555556],
          [-0.44426162073220915, 0.49444444444444446],
          [-0.30851501439736745, 0.5],
          [-0.11106540518305229, 0.4638888888888889],
          [0.1110654051830516, 0.3805555555555556],
          [0.3578774167009456, 0.22222222222222224]
        ],
        "thicknessM": 0.005,
        "controlHinge": [
          [-0.44426162073220915, -0.51],
          [-0.44426162073220915, 0.51]
        ]
      },
      "control": {
        "axis": "pitch",
        "gain": -1,
        "maxDeg": 20,
        "effectiveness": 0.55,
        "responseSeconds": 0.055,
        "linkage": {
          "servoPartId": "servo-elevator",
          "servoTravelDeg": 45,
          "servoArmM": 0.01,
          "surfaceArmM": 0.015
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "rudder",
      "kind": "vertical-tail",
      "positionM": [-0.467, 0, -0.075],
      "spanM": 0.13,
      "chordM": 0.11186923076923083,
      "aspectRatio": 1.1620710994980397,
      "rollDeg": -90,
      "incidenceDeg": 0,
      "liftSlope": 1.9595189911810655,
      "zeroLiftDeg": 0,
      "stallDeg": 16,
      "cd0": 0.025,
      "efficiency": 0.78,
      "cm": 0,
      "panel": {
        "outline": [
          [0.5989135666643743, -0.5],
          [0.4380114144261846, -0.2076923076923077],
          [0.24135322835728537, 0.16153846153846146],
          [0.06257305920374065, 0.4153846153846153],
          [-0.0983290930344491, 0.5],
          [-0.2502922368149621, 0.4769230769230769],
          [-0.4290724059685068, 0.38461538461538464],
          [-0.6167915835797287, 0.23846153846153845],
          [-0.7508767104448874, 0.06923076923076918],
          [-0.813449769648628, -0.10769230769230773],
          [-0.8313277865639824, -0.3076923076923077],
          [-0.7866327442755963, -0.5]
        ],
        "thicknessM": 0.005,
        "controlHinge": [
          [-0.3933163721377979, -0.51],
          [-0.3933163721377979, 0.51]
        ]
      },
      "control": {
        "axis": "yaw",
        "gain": 1,
        "maxDeg": 25,
        "effectiveness": 0.55,
        "responseSeconds": 0.055,
        "linkage": {
          "servoPartId": "servo-rudder",
          "servoTravelDeg": 45,
          "servoArmM": 0.01,
          "surfaceArmM": 0.015
        }
      }
    }
  ],
  "motors": [
    {
      "id": "main-motor",
      "positionM": [0.225, 0, 0],
      "partId": "motor",
      "propPartId": "propeller",
      "model": "DYS CF2822-14 1200 KV (performance estimated)",
      "propeller": "9 \u00d7 4.7 slow-fly",
      "propBlades": 2,
      "propDiameterM": 0.2286,
      "maxThrustN": 6.2,
      "zeroThrustSpeedMps": 20,
      "responseSeconds": 0.1,
      "yawMix": 0,
      "performance": {
        "referenceVoltage": 11.1,
        "referenceDensityKgM3": 1.225,
        "points": [
          {
            "command": 0,
            "thrustN": 0.0,
            "currentA": 0.0
          },
          {
            "command": 0.25,
            "thrustN": 0.3875,
            "currentA": 0.2109375
          },
          {
            "command": 0.5,
            "thrustN": 1.55,
            "currentA": 1.6875
          },
          {
            "command": 0.75,
            "thrustN": 3.4875000000000003,
            "currentA": 5.6953125
          },
          {
            "command": 1,
            "thrustN": 6.2,
            "currentA": 13.5
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  ],
  "battery": {
    "partId": "battery",
    "chemistry": "LiPo",
    "cells": 3,
    "capacityMah": 1300,
    "resistanceOhm": 0.065,
    "initialSoc": 1,
    "avionicsCurrentA": 0.2,
    "voltageCurve": [
      {
        "soc": 0,
        "voltsPerCell": 3.25
      },
      {
        "soc": 0.1,
        "voltsPerCell": 3.55
      },
      {
        "soc": 0.25,
        "voltsPerCell": 3.7
      },
      {
        "soc": 0.5,
        "voltsPerCell": 3.8
      },
      {
        "soc": 0.8,
        "voltsPerCell": 3.98
      },
      {
        "soc": 1,
        "voltsPerCell": 4.2
      }
    ]
  },
  "fuselageDragAreaM2": 0.0055,
  "bodyDragAreaM2": [0.0055, 0.035, 0.032],
  "angularDamping": [0.01, 0.022, 0.028],
  "contactPoints": [
    {
      "id": "left-wheel",
      "kind": "wheel",
      "positionM": [0.075, -0.135, 0.132],
      "strutAnchorM": [0.07, 0, 0.025],
      "spanLinked": false,
      "wheelRadiusM": 0.025,
      "wheelColor": "#d9dbd0"
    },
    {
      "id": "right-wheel",
      "kind": "wheel",
      "positionM": [0.075, 0.135, 0.132],
      "strutAnchorM": [0.07, 0, 0.025],
      "spanLinked": false,
      "wheelRadiusM": 0.025,
      "wheelColor": "#d9dbd0"
    },
    {
      "id": "tail-skid",
      "kind": "skid",
      "positionM": [-0.54, 0, 0.025],
      "strutAnchorM": [-0.51, 0, 0.001],
      "spanLinked": false
    },
    {
      "id": "nose",
      "positionM": [0.185, 0, 0.027],
      "spanLinked": false
    },
    {
      "id": "prop-tip",
      "positionM": [0.225, 0, 0.1143],
      "spanLinked": false
    },
    {
      "id": "tail-tip",
      "positionM": [-0.56, 0, -0.005],
      "spanLinked": false
    },
    {
      "id": "left-wingtip",
      "positionM": [0.02, -0.7, -0.09782975130935676],
      "spanLinked": true
    },
    {
      "id": "right-wingtip",
      "positionM": [0.02, 0.7, -0.09782975130935676],
      "spanLinked": true
    }
  ],
  "reference": {
    "spanM": 1.4,
    "areaM2": 0.281611753389052,
    "cgFromLeadingEdgeM": 0.058,
    "leadingEdgeXM": 0.1,
    "trimSpeedMps": 9
  },
  "pilotResponse": {
    "preset": "standard",
    "rates": [0.8, 0.75, 0.85],
    "expo": 0.2,
    "smoothingSeconds": 0.035
  },
  "credit": {
    "name": "Vortex RC",
    "url": "https://www.vortex-rc.com/product/vt-simple-trainer/"
  }
}